Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue, which is a serious condition that can occur in children and adults. It’s often caused by a viral infection, but it can also result from bacterial infections and non-infectious causes like autoimmune diseases. Encephalitis in children can be particularly alarming due to the severity of symptoms and potential long-term effects on a child’s health and development.
The symptoms of encephalitis can range from mild to severe and may include:
In infants, symptoms might also include bulging fontanels (soft spots on the head), irritability, constant crying, and poor feeding.
Diagnosing encephalitis involves several steps:
Treatment depends on the underlying cause:
Preventive measures can include vaccinations against viruses like measles, mumps, and Japanese encephalitis. Protecting children from mosquito bites in areas where mosquito-borne viruses are prevalent is also crucial.
The prognosis for encephalitis varies widely depending on the cause, the age of the child, the speed of treatment, and the severity of the inflammation. Some children recover fully, while others may experience long-term neurological problems.
Immediate medical attention for encephalitis is crucial, as timely treatment can greatly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of serious complications.
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